Student Name:                                                                                                  Grade:

               

             Coastal Processes  - FieldTrip #3  Worksheet

               Observations and ANALYSES of ENCINITAS SHORELINE

 

Wave Conditions

1.  Observations and Interpretation of the Swell(s)

 

      Swell height? ______   Surf height? ______  Wave period?  ______  Swell direction?  ______ 

 

2.  Observations and Interpretation of the Tides

 

  a) Last tide: H or L?__ Height?  ____ Time? ____  b) Next tide: H or L? __Height?  ___ Time? ___

 

  c) Ebb, flow or slack? _______  d) Neap or Spring? _______  e) Diurnal, Semidiurnal, or Mixed?

 

3.  Observations and Interpretation of the Littoral and Rip Currents

 

    a) Longshore current present?_____    If yes: Direction?: _________     Speed?:________

 

    b) Does longshore current direction jive with swell direction (angle)? ________

 

    c) What affects might longshore currents have on the beach sand (drift)? 

 

  

    d) Rip currents present? _____ If yes: Number?____  Spacing? ________  Intensity? ________

 

    e) What affects might rip currents have on the beach sand?  

 

 

Bluff Rock Geology and Erodability:

  4. List the geologic names and ages for the two rock formations making up the bluff.

                   Rock Formation Name              Age               Rock Type                   Erodability Factor

 

    On Top: 

    Bottom:

   b)  Which rock unit is considered the most erosion-resistant (steepest part of bluff)? ___________

 

   c) Which rock unit is considered the most erosion-prone (angled part of bluff)? _______________

 

5. Any evidence of active weathering and erosion occurring on the bluff?  In other words, does it

     appear that the bluffs are a significant source of sand for the beach?   Yes?  No? ______

     Describe and explain below your conclusions using your observations as evidence:

 

 

 

 

Processes and Activities that affect the rate of Sea Bluff Erosion

 6.List four (4) processes (natural and human-related) that help cause bluff erosion?

 

   a)  ________________ b)_________________ c) ________________  d) _________________

 

     Which process above appears to be the most affective in causing local bluff erosion? Why?

7. List four (4) processes (natural and human-related) that help reduce/prevent bluff erosion?

 

   a)  ________________ b)_________________ c) ________________  d) _________________

 

   Which process above appears to be most affective in eliminating or reducing bluff erosion? Why?

 

 

Human-Made seawall Structures:

 8. What types of materials are used in the construction of seawalls?

 

     a) __________________ b) _________________ c) ________________, d) _______________

 

 9.  a) What appears to be the seawall’s primary intended purpose?  _________________________

 

      b) Does it appear that they are doing their job? Explain in some depth.

 

 

10.  List advantages that rip-rap has over seawalls in protecting bluffs.

 

  a) ________________________  b) _____________________

 

11.  List disadvantages that rip-rap has over seawalls in protecting bluffs.

 

  a) ________________________  b) _____________________

 

12. List the three (3) adverse (negative) effects (direct or indirect) that seawalls have on the beach. 

   In other words, how could seawalls affect the beach sand supply and beach stability?

 

      a) _______________________  b) _____________________ c) _____________________

 

13. Estimate the cost to construct one of these seawalls. $ ______ to $___________ per linear foot

 

14. If you were a bluff-top homeowner with a failing bluff, what types of actions would you take?

 

 

15. Post Trip Reflection:  

  a) Purpose of trip: _____________________________________________________________

 

  b) What did you learn on this trip?  ________________________________________________

 

_______________________________________________________________________________

 

  c) What did you find most interesting and/or important?  ________________________________

 

_______________________________________________________________________________

 

 d) What did you find most difficult or challenging?  _____________________________________

 

_______________________________________________________________________________

 

  e) How could the fieldtrip have been better designed or executed? ______________________

 

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